The Essential Wilderness Navigator: How to Find Your Way in the Great Outdoors, Second Edition

Introduction

What's New in this Edition

1. A Sense of Direction

Locating Your Sixth Sense

How Not to Get Lost

Why We Get Lost

How to "Get Found"

2. Maps

The World in Your Hands

Types of Maps

Three Dimensions into Two

The Language of Maps

Reading the Terrain

Latitude and Longitude

Scale

Distance

Direction

Putting Yourself on the Map

Map Care and Gear

3. Compasses

What Compasses Can Do

Earth's Magnetic Field

How Compasses Work

Make Your Own

Declination

Compass Types

Orienting Your Compass to Magnetic North

Orienting Your Compass to Geographic North

Bearings

Deviation

Following a Compass Course

Testing Your Skills

4. Navigation

Map and Compass Combined

Orienting the Map with a Compass

Finding a Course from the Map

Locating a Mapped Object in the Field

Locating an Observed Object on the Map

A Bearing from a Mapped Object

Other Lines of Position

Warning Bearings

Crossing Lines of Position

Returning to the Same Spot

A Running Fix

Finding Distance Off

Measuring Distance Covered

Dead Reckoning

5. Navigation in Use

Route Planning

The Practice of Navigation

On the Trail

Hitting What You Aim For

Landmarks as Guides

Sources of Error

When You Are Lost

6. Looking to Nature for Clues

Finding North and South at Noon

North and South from a Shadow

Quick but Inaccurate

Movements of Sunrise and Sunset

Bearings from Sunrise and Sunset

Polaris

The Southern Cross

Other Stars

7. Extreme Environments

Mountains

Snow

Deserts

8. Electronic Navigation

GPS 101

Getting Started

E-Maps: Topos and Charts on CD-ROM

9. Appendix

Bearings of Sunrise and Sunset

Declination Corrections

Metric Conversion Tables

Orienteering

Sources of Maps, Books, Compasses, Videos, GPS Manufacturers, and Electronic Mapmakers

Travel Plan

Index

Acknowledgments