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Elementary Statistics: A Step-by-Step Approach with Formula Card

9th Edition
0078136334 · 9780078136337
Elementary Statistics: A Step By Step Approach is for introductory statistics courses with a basic algebra prerequisite. The text follows a nontheoretical approach, explaining concepts intuitively and supporting them with abundant examples. In recent… Read More
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  • Print bound version of the complete text

  • 1 The Nature of Probability and Statistics

    1.1 Descriptive and Inferential Statistics
  • 1.2 Variables and Types of Data
  • 1.3 Data Collection and Sampling Techniques
  • 1.4 Observational and Experimental Studies
  • 1.5 Uses and Misuses of Statistics
  • 1.6 Computers and Calculators

  • 2 Frequency Distributions and Graphs

    2.1 Organizing Data
  • 2.2 Histograms, Frequency Polygons, and Ogives
  • 2.3 Other Types of Graphs

  • 3 Data Description

    3.1 Measures of Central Tendency
  • 3.2 Measures of Variation
  • 3.3 Measures of Position
  • 3.4 Exploratory Data Analysis

  • 4 Probability and Counting Rules

    4.1 Exploratory Data Analysis
  • 4.2 The Addition Rules for Probability
  • 4.3 The Multiplication Rules and Conditional Probability
  • 4.4 Counting Rules
  • 4.5 Probability and Counting Rules

  • 5 Discrete Probability Distributions

    5.1 Probability Distributions
  • 5.2 Mean, Variance, Standard Deviation, and Expectation
  • 5.3 The Binomial Distribution
  • 5.4 Other Types of Distributions (Optional)

  • 6 The Normal Distribution

    6.1 Normal Distributions
  • 6.2 Applications of the Normal Distribution
  • 6.3 The Central Limit Theorem
  • 6.4 The Normal Approximation to the Binomial Distribution

  • 7 Confidence Intervals and Sample Size

    7.1 Confidence Intervals for the Mean When ? Is Known
  • 7.2 Confidence Intervals for the Mean When ? Is Unknown
  • 7.3 Confidence Intervals and Sample Size for Proportions
  • 7.4 Confidence Intervals for Variances and Standard Deviations

  • 8 Hypothesis Testing

    8.1 Steps in Hypothesis Testing—Traditional Method
  • 8.2 z Test for a Mean
  • 8.3 t Test for a Mean
  • 8.4 z Test for a Proportion
  • 8.5 ?2 Test for a Variance or Standard Deviation
  • 8.6 Additional Topics Regarding Hypothesis Testing

  • 9 Testing the Difference Between Two Means, Two Variances, and Two Proportions

    9.1 Testing the Difference Between Two Means: Using the z Test
  • 9.2 Testing the Difference Between Two Means of Independent Samples: Using the t Test
  • 9.3 Testing the Difference Between Two Means: Dependent Samples
  • 9.4 Testing the Difference Between Proportions 9.5 Testing the Difference Between Two Variances

  • 10 Correlation and Regression

    10.1 Scatter Plots and Correlation
  • 10.2 Regression
  • 10.3 Coefficient of Determination and Standard Error of the Estimate
  • 10.4 Multiple Regression (Optional)

  • 11 Other Chi-Square Tests

    11.1 Test for Goodness of Fit
  • 11.2 Tests Using Contingency Tables

  • 12 Analysis of Variance

    12.1 One-Way Analysis of Variance
  • 12.2 The Scheffe Test and the Tukey Test
  • 12.3 Two-Way Analysis of Variance

  • 13 Nonparametric Statistics

    13.1 Advantages and Disadvantages of Nonparametric Methods
  • 13.2 The Sign Test
  • 13.3 The Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test
  • 13.4 The Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test
  • 13.5 The Kruskal-Wallis Test
  • 13.6 The Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient and the Runs Test

  • 14 Sampling and Simulation

    14.1 Common Sampling Techniques
  • 14.2 Surveys and Questionnaire Design
  • 14.3 Simulation Techniques and the Monte Carlo Method

  • Appendices

    Appendix A: Tables
  • Appendix B: Data Bank
  • Appendix C: Glossary
  • Appendix D: Photos Credits
  • Appendix E: Selected Answers

  • Additional Topics Onlne

    Algebra Review
  • Writing the Research Report
  • Bayes' Theorem
  • Alternate Approach to the Standard Normal Distribution
  • Bibliography